STM Article Repository

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating advanced diagnostics for early intervention. While traditional markers such as blood urea and serum creatinine offer valuable insights, they have inherent limitations. This chapter explores the evolving landscape of CKD diagnostics, primarily focusing on biomarkers and their clinical significance.

The investigation into dimethylarginines, specifically ADMA and SDMA, underscores the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary approach to comprehend the diverse etiologies of chronic kidney disease. Notably, research illuminates intricate connections between plasma ADMA levels, insulin resistance, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and the decline in renal function, thereby elevating cardiovascular risks in CKD patients. Genetic indicators, exemplified by the GLUT9 gene polymorphism, elucidate the interplay of genetics and ADMA in influencing renal outcomes, suggesting the potential for personalized CKD management.

Renoprotective therapies, such as Ezetimibe, emerge as promising interventions for chronic renal disease. Pediatric research leverages biomarkers like ADMA and SDMA to diagnose renal damage in survivors of pediatric cancer. The exploration of AGEs, HMGB-1, and endothelial dysfunction contributes to our understanding of CKD development.

Enhancing the predictive value of ADMA in cardiovascular risk, disease progression, and nephrotoxicity entails integrating conventional indicators and novel markers like NGAL and FGF-23. This comprehensive compilation of scientific endeavors provides a holistic understanding of CKD, encompassing prospective diagnostic approaches and advancements in customized therapies, thereby making significant strides in addressing this global health concern.

To conclude, the study intricately examines CKD through the lens of ADMA as a novel biomarker, integrating findings from numerous studies. While acknowledging the encouraging progress in genetic research and medicinal therapies, a brief recapitulation underscores the pressing need for advanced diagnostics, paving the way for more accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment strategies in CKD care.