STM Article Repository

Introduction: The word pancreas comes from the Greek word pankreas. Diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer are disorders that involve the pancreas. It comprises Endocrine cells, also known as Islets of Langerhans, which release insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin, all of which help to regulate blood glucose levels [1]. Exocrine pancreatic acini release pancreatic enzymes and alpha fetoprotein, which regulate pancreas growth and differentiation by changing expression levels during development [2]. Diabetes is caused by endocrine illness, which affects at least 200 million people globally and is expected to double by 2025 [1]. The exocrine portion causes pancreatic cancer, which kills roughly 65,000 people every year in Europe and is largely incurable.

Aims: The goal of this research was to look at the microanatomy (Histogenesis) of the pancreas in aborted fresh human embryos that did not have any congenital abnormalities. As a result, the current study was carried out to learn more about the development of acini and islets, as well as their clinical association.

Materials and Methods: Fetuses aged between 12 to 40 weeks of gestational age, and they were collected from Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narkatpally, Nalgonda (Dt), Telangana, (India) and Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research centre, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad.

The histogenic techniques were used at all gestational ages and evaluated to the literature even though several research have shown that pancreatic islets are required for pancreas transplantation, only a few studies have shown the necessity of pancreatic acini.

Results and Conclusion: The parenchyma generates primitive tubules with small lobes and lobules of acini, as well as small spherical islets, in the early weeks (12-18 weeks). The size and number of Islets increase with age (18-24 weeks) due to encapsulation and acinar cell proliferation.

To summarise, the foetal pancreas is suitable for organ transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer at the age of 18-24 weeks.