STM Article Repository

Several emerging and re-emerging infections have had a significant impact on global public health. ZIKV was first found in rhesus monkeys about 70 years ago during a yellow fever surveillance in Uganda's Zika Forest (thus its name), and was first reported in humans in 1952. It was never expected that this virus would become a major international public health threat in the twenty-first century. Its quick expansion over the American continent in 2016 prompted severe worries, as did its potential to cause congenital defects in infants. On February 1, 2016, the World Health Organisation declared the ZIKV illness a worldwide health emergency. Because of the non-specific clinical appearance, many Zika virus infection cases have been misdiagnosed or underreported. The Zika virus is typically transmitted through mosquito bites from Aedesaegypti, but it can also be transferred through blood, perinatal transmission, and sexual transmission. Because of the link to foetal microcephaly, pregnant women should avoid locations with active transmission. The World Health Organisation has declared Zika a public health emergency, and governments and organisations should devote time and money to understanding the virus, developing a vaccine, and raising awareness. India is among the nations where ZIKV could spread due to an increase in international travel. It is consequently imperative that you are ready to deal with this agent. India is home to the Aedesaegyptii and Aedesalbopictus mosquito vectors, and if an illness is spread, there is a likelihood of an illness developing. Though our understanding of this virus is expanding, there are still unanswered concerns about its pathophysiology, genetic diversity, vectors and reservoirs, and possible synergistic effects from co-infection with other circulating viruses. In light of the present Zika virus outbreak, these concerns underscore the necessity of researching to improve patient management, surveillance, and public health interventions.