STM Article Repository

Acute abdomen is a critical clinical condition that demands immediate attention due to its association with severe pain and rapid progression. The therapeutic management of acute abdomen can vary depending on the underlying cause. While some cases, like acute appendicitis, may require surgical intervention, such as an appendectomy, other conditions may be managed conservatively with observation and antibiotic therapy. This article reviews key aspects of the causes, diagnostic strategies, and treatment options for acute abdomen. The study highlights the broad spectrum of etiologies, ranging from common conditions such as acute appendicitis to rarer instances like intestinal perforations caused by foreign bodies. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and it often requires a combination of clinical examination and advanced imaging techniques, such as computed tomography, due to the overlapping symptoms of various underlying conditions. Treatment approaches vary, from conservative management with clinical observation and antibiotic therapy to urgent surgical procedures like appendectomy and cholecystectomy. These cumulative insights underscore a nuanced understanding of the diagnostic paradigms surrounding acute abdominal pathologies, urging continued research endeavors to refine diagnostic methodologies and therapeutic interventions in pursuit of enhanced patient outcomes. Laparoscopy is emphasized as a favorable option, offering benefits in terms of recovery time and post-operative morbidity. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced significant challenges, including delays in diagnosis and limited access to healthcare services. This review underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach and continuous professional development to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving clinical outcomes and reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this complex condition.